Early Years Research

Why Study the Early Years?

Since the Canadian Federal Government commissioned the groundbreaking early years study in 1998 The Early Years Study: Reversing the Real Brain Drain, published in 1999 by Hon. Margaret McCain and J. Fraser Mustard), and with help from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY) and Statistics Canada, we have learned how important the first six years from conception are to providing the best outcomes for a child's future. Some key messages from the study include the following:

• Early experiences and stimulating interactions with adults and other children are far more important for brain development than previously realized. 
• The first six years greatly affect brain development and subsequent learning, behaviour, and physical and emotional health.
• The effects of the early years last a lifetime.
• Children who miss those early positive experiences and stimulation and are exposed to stress in the first few years of life will have great difficulty overcoming deficits later.
• Negative experiences often result in later addictions, poor mental health, and chronic health conditions. In addition to the direct costs of acute care and chronic disease treatment, poor health in adulthood results in reduced capacity to participate in the workplace and in society.
• Parenting style, access to quality childcare and neighbourhood characteristics also have an impact on children's development.
• Investments made in the early years of life result in better returns than those made later on.